Penal Code · §19.03

Capital Murder

Murder under §19.02(b)(1) PLUS at least one statutory aggravator: knowingly killing a peace officer/firefighter on duty; murder during certain felonies (robbery, burglary, kidnapping, sexual assault, arson, obstruction/retaliation, terroristic threat); for remuneration; multiple victims in same scheme; while incarcerated; victim under 10; in retaliation against judge.

To prove this offense, the State must establish each of the following elements: Underlying §19.02(b)(1) Murder; Plus an aggravator listed in §19.03(a).

The base classification is Capital felony, with possible enhancements depending on the conduct, victim, location, or prior history of the actor.

Elements you must prove

  • Underlying §19.02(b)(1) Murder
  • Plus an aggravator listed in §19.03(a)
Texas Law — Charge Details
Capital Felony — LWOP or Death
Offense
Capital Murder
Statute
Tex. Penal Code §19.03
Classification
Capital felony

Murder under §19.02(b)(1) PLUS at least one statutory aggravator: knowingly killing a peace officer/firefighter on duty; murder during certain felonies (robbery, burglary, kidnapping, sexual assault, arson, obstruction/retaliation, terroristic threat); for remuneration; multiple victims in same scheme; while incarcerated; victim under 10; in retaliation against judge.

Potential Penalty Enhancements
If this condition applies…Charge escalates toStatute
If State seeks death — death penaltyDeathTex. Code Crim. Proc. art. 37.071
Adult, no death sought — mandatory life without paroleLife without parole§12.31(a)(2)

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Worked examples

Worked example 1

Capital Murder under §19.03 requires Murder under §19.02(b)(1) PLUS at least one statutory aggravator. Which is a qualifying aggravator?

  1. The killing occurred during a heated argument
  2. The defendant had a prior felony
  3. The victim was a peace officer or firefighter acting in the lawful discharge of an official duty, and the actor knew it Correct
  4. The victim was unarmed
Why: Capital Murder aggravators include knowingly killing an on-duty peace officer/firefighter; murder during certain felonies (robbery, burglary, kidnapping, sexual assault, arson, obstruction/retaliation, terroristic threat under §22.07(a)(4)–(6)); murder for remuneration; multiple murders in the same scheme; murder while incarcerated; and murder of a child victim within statutory ages, among others.
Statute: Tex. Penal Code §19.03(a)